Land of the Beautiful Horses

       

        Cappadoia is known as one of our country's the most beautiful tourist destination. It is unique to our country. In other words, this fascinating beauty exists only in our country. Cappadocia is a volcanic region which has unique historica land geological features.

        Firstly, I will give some information about where this beautiful region is , and  I will try to introduce you what makes Cappadocaia a a unique  region. Cappaocia is located on Central Anatolia.  It is surrounded by three main volcanic mountains: Hasan, Gulludag and Erciyes. It has very soft earth layers , and these layers can be easily shaped by external factors. The main externel factors that shape the layers  are floods and strong winds. In time floods and winds have shaped these earth layers and they made several landformations. These landformations are fairy chimneys, rock caves, pigeon caves and other similar landformations.

       As I said, this region is a unıque region and you cannot see the examples of these landformations in any other part of the world. This region has some really important destinations. These destinations are Goreme , Urgup, Avanos and several underground cities. Firstly, I will try to introduce Urgup. Urgup is considered the most beautiful part of the region.  Urgup is surrounded by fairy chimneys, naturel castles, pigeon holes , caves , churchs and monasteries.

      The most impressive and  biggest fairy chimneys are in Urgup. There are natural castles where you can watch the fascinating scenes of Cappadocia and sunset. A lot of people visit these castles and climb up to top of these castles for  to see this excellent scene. Urgup has streets which are full of history and culture. There are pottery workshops everywhere in Urgup. When potters make pots, you can watch them. If you want you can even try to make a pot for yourself.

        Goreme is one of the ost beautiful areas of the region. Goreme is famous for Goreme Open Air Museum. This museum has a lot of churchs , kitchens and monasteries. There are countless churches in Cappadocia region and the most important ones are in this museum. These churches are Elmalı Church, Saint Barbara Church and Dark church. These churches are very important because the figures n them are slightly damaged with respect to the other churches around the region.

        I visited this region and I liked very much. I strongly advise you to go there and see all these wonderful lands. You should go to Land of the Beautiful Horses.

I advise you to watch this video, When you watch this video you will feel the soul of Cappadocia. This video cannot reflect the impressive and beautiful scenes of Cappadocia enough , but at least you can see what a strange place this region is. You should watch it.

GLOBAL LANGUAGE

     I want to explain my opinions about global language.  I will cover what global language is and its reasons and consequences. There are several reasons that trigger need for a global language. In addition to this, global language has some striking effects on people from different nations.

     Firstly, I will try to explain the term of globalizatation. Globalization is a political, technological, economical and sociocultural aspect. It has diminished national borders and increased international trade and developed information exchange in communication, computer technologies and transportation system. The developments in these fields accelerated the formation of global village. International relations and interactions have increased. As aresult of all these developments, the world has turned into a global village. During this globalization process, people needed for a common language to communicate.

     

         Every language has a potential to become a global language , but only some of languages were able to be succesful. Some global languages like English, Spanish, French and Arabic have a lot of speakers from several countries. You can wonder its reason , and I will try to explain you the reason of this situation. As I said, every language has a potential to become a global language, but its owner has to have some properties. The owner should be very powerful and wealthy with respect to other countries. It should dominate theother nations and countries. Shortly, if you are strong, people will speak your language.

      English is one of the most common languages all over the world. Its non-native speakers outnumber its native speakers. It has nearly two billions speaker throughout the world. There are several reasons that triggered English to become a global language. These reasons are; two world wars, colonialism, industrial revolution, popular culture and finally mass media. All these are the main reasons of English’s being a global language. Now English is spoken for several reasons. It is used for industrial, occupational, educational, commercial, official and institutional reasons.

There are arguments about global language. Some people support it , and some others do not approve global language. I think that we should have a global language because we live in a global language. We e need a global language to communicate with people from other countries. We need a global language for harmony of the world. Although a lot of people think in this way, there are arguments about which language should be global language. 

We are learning English which is a global language. In my opinion,we should learn the terms of globalization and gobal language. We can learn from this video why English is a global language. You can learn the reasons and consequences of this process. It is a complicated issue and this video will help you understant the main aspects.

Reflection on 'on desires and dreams'  (REVISED FORM)

I

my only dream is to be nine year old!

                         

                                         REALIZING DREAMS

     Everbody has a dream ; in fact, we have dreams. We want to realize our dreams , but we do not do anything to realize them. We want a lot of things, but we do not have enough determination to realize them. There are questions to ask ourselves. Firstly, we should ask ourselves whether we define our dreams or not, and what kind of strategy to realize this dream or desire. I think that most of us do not think about defining our desires and making a strategy to realize it. We just want something, but there is no action for these dreams. We are not enthusiastic about our desires and dreams. I found this article beneficial and informative. The author of the article makes it easy to understand. There are clear and plain explanations. I liked the way of explanation. There is process analysis. I think that we can understand clearly what the writer is trying to tell us. Firstly , we should define what are our desires and dreams. When we define them , it is easier to take steps to realize our dream. If we do not define our desires, we cannot understand what we want. Defining is not enough itself and we should have a strategy as well. We should organize what to do. We cannot realize our dream without strategy. We should set up a contract with ourselves. We should do exactly what our contract requires. We should examine ourselves. If we cannot control ourselves, we can want some professionals to help us. We can work with other people as well. Meeting with friends and discussing what is working and what is not are also beneficial. Group members should be honest and speak the truth. Measuring progress is another important issue. In other words, self-examination is one of the main aspects of this process. We should have some rules and try to conduct our life according to these rules. We should do this and work harder when we do not make necessary things or act unsuitably. Each day should be better than previous day. Another important thing is learning from our mistakes . We should try to not repeat the same mistakes and learn from our past. In my opinion, this quotation summarizes everything ‘ Live your life each day as if you climb mountains. An occasional glance toward the summit puts the goal in mind. Many beautiful scenes can be observed from each new vantage point. Climb steadily, slowly, enjoy each passing moment; and the view from the summit will serve as a fitting climax to the journey.’ I think that we should be patient and go on our way. This is the way for realizing the dreams.

      

reflection on ' Friends, good friends and such good friends' (REVISED FORM)

                                                           LIFE  AND FRIENDS

            

         Our life is full of friends. I think that we cannot live without them. When we are a little child , we have lots of friends. These friends are from neighborhood , kindergarten and hospital etc. Then, we are a primary school children and we have lots of friends again. We are surrounded by friends everywhere. The number of our friends increases dramatically when we are in high school. The number of our friends is at top when we are at university. In adult life, we begin to work and there are a lot of colleagues. If we get married , we will have another family and environment and this means that new friends will join in our life. This process will continue and people will join in our life constantly. We have a lot of friends , but it is controversial whether we have the same level intimacy with all these friends. I think that everybody's answer is no because this is impossible. If  we had the same level intimacy , then what would happened. Nobody can image this situation. We have some intimate friends and other friends. While we can tell some friends our secrets and feelings, we cannot tell other ordinary friends. Our intimate friends can understand what we feel and why we are sad. They can perceieve when we are happy or unhappy. They have potential to solve our problems and make us happy. I want to talk about other friends. These kind of friends are in our everyday life. These friends can be our neighbours or class mates or friends from gym or colleagues or our spouse’s friends and family members. We can increase the number of classification. These are not our intimate friends and we do not share our secrets and feelings with them. We can talk with them and spend a lot of time but there is not emotional bound between us. These friends are a small part of our life. Perhaps, we can see them more often than our intimate friends but this does not change anything. Our intimate friends are at the center of our life. I think that the writer of article made a logical classification. I agree with her that none of our friends are not equal to another. Some are indispensable ,but we can move out some others easily.

                          

Reflection on 'Show me the way to go home'

                                       

                                         

                                         

                                                       LIVING WITH FAMILY

          I think that family is one of the most important aspect of society. Our parents make us inform about world. They  show us what to doin this hard life. Life is full of hardships and problems. We can be succesful or we can fail. Our family is always with us. I do not mean that children shoul be totally dependent  on their family. Children or yong adults should be aware of their responsibilities. They should learn how to face the diffuculties of life by themselves.  When they learn all these, their family support them. This means that they should console them when they fail and they should  congratulate them. Family should be a peaceful and restful place to go. I think this article shows that people always need their family. There are people whose ages ranges from 18 to 34 returns to their families. Family is solidarity center. This does not mean that we can ignore our responsibilities or  I can fail or not, this is not important because I have a family that will always support me. Our family and home is a place that we can always turn back. We may be guilty or be a criminal or a unsuccessful student or a irresponsible person but we have a home to return. These people tried to face this diffucult and merciless world but they failed. They returned their home to take a breath and heal.Life is very expensive and this is another main reason of living with family. I think there is no need for paying a big fortune to rent a house. Young adults both cannot meet the needs of a new house and think that it is unnecessary to pay for renting and I can buy something else with this money. There are a lot of examples proving this idea in article. For example, one of them decides to live with his family again and buy a good car. I agree with the writer of article about the length of this visit. I think that these visits should not be in long term. After the resting and healing process, They should perpetuate their own life by themselves. If they continue to live with their family for a long time , then they cannot face the diffuculties of this hard life anymore. They can show irresponsible behaviours. Family is a peaceful home for children but you cannot be protected by others forever.

                                            SPRING
        I like spring very much. Spring is colourful flowers, mild weather, rainbow, blue sky and happy children. After a heavy winter , there is mild and nice spring. In my opinion, spring is a rebirth for nature. People are celebrating only spring not fall, winter or summer. People celebrate spring every year and this is a very old convention. Formerly winters were much heavier than now. There were not facilities which are accesible to many people now such as electricity, natural gas, easy transportation etc. They were looking for spring and when it came , they celebrated it. Spring meant life, happiness, health, fertile fields and nice weather for them. Now, people like spring too but there is no enthusiasm any more. People are ordinary, tired, stressful and blind to see all these beauties. Even children cannot see the beauties of spring, they are busy with computer games, internet and modern toys. Perhaps, we will not see next spring , its colours, flowers, buds, rains and nice sun. If we will not see, then we will die without perceiving it. We can perceive it. when we wake up  , we can open our windows and let some fresh air come into our room. We can make a breakfast among trees and nice smelling flowers. After breakfast, we can walk to breathe this nice smelling fresh air. We can take a rest and smell nice scents. We can be happy as nature. We ignore spring because we do not try to access it. We do not pay for it. We witness it and its beauties every year and we think that it   is an ordinary and simple fact. It is not a simple fact. All trees and flowers die, some animals hybernate,birds immigrate, others disappear. There is no sign of life. Everthing is dead and dim. After this temporary death, Rebirth shows itself suddenly. Some sunshine and rain are enough to make nature wake up. Firstly sunshine and then rain, there are only two elements to wake up dead nature. Trees start to become green and flowers blossom consecutively. Everything is green, white or pink. Everything is happy and beautiful. Shortly, spring is beautiful but perceiving it more beautiful. We have ignored it for years and I think that it is time we perceived it. As I said, perhaps we will not see it once more time and  we shoul enjoy it.

I chose this video because it depicts spring and other seasons musically. We can feel the vividness of spring, maturity of summer, peace of fall and  the hardness of winter. This is a perfect classical work of by Vivaldi. You can listen it with pleasure.

EQUATORIAL RAIN FORESTS

    I want to talk about equatorial rain forests because they are being destroyed by people ceaselessly.
Firstly, I want to give some  general information about these rain forests. these forests are mainly located in Amazon and Congo basins. The Amazon rain forests cover almost the half of Brazilian. Congo basin covers a big area as well. These rain forests are very rich in biological diversity. They are home to lots of different animals and plants. They have very rich flora. Thanks to mild temperature and a lot of rain , different plant species can live in these basins. Amazon basin and rain forests of it has such a biological diversity that even the rest of the world do not have this biological diversity. These rain forests are the lungs of our green planet. They are the provider of ecological balance. If they were not be, the life would not be. They are the source of oxygen. They keep the oxygen and carbondioxide balance. I mentioned the benefits of them to our planet briefly but there are still lots of things about them I can not explain now. Human being  does not know the all features and benefits of these rain forests. We do not protect these heavenly forests. People are destroying these forests for land clearing, mine and timber. Every year  15 million hectare forested area are being destroyed . Many people  are not awre of this urgency. They do not intereste what is happening to our beautiful , green  planet. They are destroying these virgin forests ruthlessly. They cut the wood and burn it ruthlessly for several aims. While the forests are burning , at the same time many animals are burning as well. People are burning these forest to cultivate soyabean. Soyabean and its profit are important for them , what is happening to animals, forests , the world  and even themselves is not important. If people do not stop this wild action , all rain forests will die out. Allecological balance will be destroyed . The consequences of this damage will be serious. People ignore this facts and do not think about the realities. They are not aware of the severity of situation or they do not know these serious consequenses not only affect Brazilian people but also all nations. There is a common problem and everybody should do something to protect ecological order for themselves and their children. This world should be liveable all generations. People should be awrare of this serious situation and takestep to protect it. We should not burn our lungs for soyabean or mine. We should try to make people be aware of this critical situation. Let's protect our heavenly green planet!

Equatorial rain forests are very impressive and fascinating. They are the souls of this world. Withut these rain forests world cannot be exists. They are main sources of the ife on this planets. Trees, plants, animals and rivers in these forests are really important for humnbeings. If we do not protect these forests, we cannot maintain the life on this planet. You should watch this video to see how great these forests are.

THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION AND GLOBAL LANGUAGE

     
     Globalization is a political, technological, economical and sociocultural aspect. It has diminished national borders and increased international trade and developed information exchange in communication, computer technologies and transportation system. The developments in these fields accelerated the formation of global village. International relations and interactions have increased. As a result of these developments, there emerged a serious need for a common language in world.

    

     Every nation has a different language and it is very hard to provide wider communication among different people in this global village. It has been needed to unify all nations and provide an easy communication among these different nations. It was vital to invent a common language. People agreed on an international language but there was a disagreement on the selection of a common language. Because of this reason, people tried to find a common language several times. Several artificial languages were created; such as Esperanto and Interlingua. These artificial languages failed to spread over the world for some social, political 

ESPERANTO

and religious reasons. In fact, these languages failed to be accepted by people because they didn’t have cultural and social similarities with their mother tongue. Besides artificial ones, some natural languages were also dominant in the world for a while. They were dominant in only some fields and for a limited time as a Latin and French.

    

  
  It was needed for a global language mainly in 20^th century. All languages could be an international language over the world but its owner had to have some features such as economic and political dominance, military power, technological developments etc. During these times, the western part of the world was introduced to capitalism by the United States through the economic aid programs. Thus, the capitalist thought began to expand more than ever. Furthermore, the collapse of the Soviet Union was another step which set off the root of globalization. The end of Cold War which resulted in the disintegration of Soviet Union speeded up the development of capitalism and free market economies. This disintegration speeded up this process because the collapse of Soviet Union was interpreted as the collapse of communism system which was an alternative system to capital thought.  Globalization can be interpreted as the triumph of capitalism. United States has led the development of capitalism and globalization because it is the only superpower of the world.

    

  Now, English is spoken as a first language in United States, England and Canada. It is used and spoken as an institutional language in Nigeria and India. It is regarded as an international language in China, Greece and Japan. English is used as an official and educational language in other parts of the world. Some people learn and use English because of formal and occupational reasons. English has become so common that the non-native speakers of English have outnumbered its native speakers. It can be inferred from these figures that English is a global language.

   
International relationships required people coming from different backgrounds, nations, cultures to communicate and English has been the most common language providing different people to communicate easily. Some reasons of it:



 1-    Two World Wars

   They increased the international relationships. People from different culture came together and affected each other socially and culturally. 

2-      Colonialism

   Colonial movements of Britain all over the world spread during the colonial period of Britain. English affected several nations deeply and English spread over the world. In other words, England’s colonial movement is one of the most important reasons of English’s globalization process as a language.

3-      Industrial revolution

    England became the most powerful and great country during the Industrial Revolution. England was leader all technological and scientific developments. It became more and more wealthy through mass production and profitable sales. Strong and wealthy England went to every edge of the world and took its language as well.

4-      Popular culture 

   British and American people began to influence fashion trends in the world such as music and clothing. Popular culture led English to spread over the world. For example, Hollywood and its films became well-known and were seen all over the world. Hollywood carried English and American to every edge of the world. Currently, broadcasting companies transmitting their programs in English to very large groups and the globalization process of English is going on. International media has globally spread British and American culture and English.

5-      Mass media

   The development of communication technologies has developed the radio, television and film industry. These communication tools have strong effects over the large populations. For example, in the cold War years, BBC became the source of information throughout the Europe. Voice of America was established and it spread American culture and English over the world. American television and movies have important role in globalization of English. Computer and the Internet carried English to every part of the world. English is a tool for transmitting information, ideas via the Internet. For example, Three quarter of the world send their e-mails in English. The more the use of the Internet spreads, the more people begin to learn English.

  

A World language has some properties; large number of speakers non-native speakers, official importance in some countries, use in international trade relations, use in international organizations, use in the academic community. 









The world’s widely used languages are English, Spanish, Arabic, French, and Chinese etc.

* The world’s most commonly used language is currently English and it has over 1, 8 billion users.

*  Spanish is another common language throughout the world. Spanish is spoken in 20 sovereign states as an official language. It is spoken and taught in schools officially.

* Arabic is also one of the most common languages in the world.  Islamic conquests and Arabization of the Middle East and North Africa accelerated the spread of it. Arabic is also used  commonly in other Muslim communities.

*  French is another language used commonly. For example, French is spoken in Bengali and these speakers outnumber native speakers of French. In addition to its wide use, it has a linguistic prestige and it is used diplomacy and international trade. 
                                               

*  Chinese has a large group of native speakers but it is not used widely as an international language over the world.

  
    According to us, a common language is necessary in this global village. We need a global language for the harmony of world. Formerly, the main goal of education was to meet the social and economic needs of nation by equipping them with national conscious. However, in the new world order, the goal of education has changed. The aim of the education is to bring up individuals having universal values. There is a need for global education which will prepare new generations to live cooperatively in global world and of course a common language for this global education. It is inevitable to cooperate and communicate without a common language  in all fields.

COOPERATION

  
   





(a global language for cooperation)






   

 

   Some people do not approve this situation and associate with cultural imperialism. They regard international languages as the languages of oppression.

We mentioned the globalization, global language, reasons, consequences and our attitude to subject and we want to learn your ideas through some questions.

???

* Should there be a common language over the world?

* Should English be a global language?·        

*Is global language a cultural imperialism?

* Are globalization and global language inevitable?


English as a global language










SOURCE

http://www.cepr.org/press/DP2055PR.htm

http://www.debate.org/debates/We-Should-Have-An-Official-Language-For-Earth/1/

http://www.annettevee.com/2012spring_engcmp1551/2012/03/18/the-effects-of-a-global-language-blog-post-8-option-2-out-of-3/

http://www.belgeler.com/blg/1zuj/reflections-of-the-global-english-in-turkey-an-intercultural-approach-and-critical-approach-kresel-bir-dil-olarak-ngilizcenin-trkiyedeki-yansimalari-kltrlerarasi-ve-eletirel-bir-yaklaim 

http://idebate.org/debatabase/debates/culture/house-believes-global-language


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SUBJECT: This house believes in a global language.